Dr. John M. Corboy, President of the Hawaiian Eye Foundation, is the lead plaintiff in a lawsuit against racial discrimination in Hawaii’s property tax rates. The Hawaiian Homes Commission Act passed by Congress in 1921 was incorporated into the State of Hawaii Constitution under terms of the act whereby Hawaii was admitted to full statehood in 1959. Under terms of HHCA, continuing to today, nobody can receive a new lease for a house on the homesteads unless he/she has at least 50% Hawaiian native blood quantum; and nobody can inherit such a lease without at least 25% native blood quantum.
HHCA act requires that every house on Hawaiian homelands must pay zero property tax for its first seven years. Thereafter, every county in Hawaii has passed ordinances setting the annual property tax for the homesteads at various flat rates between $25 to $150. Other houses of comparable size but not on a homestead must pay property taxes that are far higher. Thus there is racial discrimination by state and county governments in setting property taxes. This discrimination violates the 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause.
The Hawaii Supreme Court ruled 5-0 that plaintiffs lack standing because they failed to apply for a homestead lease (even though the could never get a lease because they have no native ancestry and thus lack the 50% native blood quantum). Plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. On December 12 the Court issued an order requesting a brief from the U.S. Solicitor General on behalf of the Attorney General. Thus the Court is actively considering whether to hear the case, even while hundreds of other requests for hearings in other lawsuits have been summarily rejected without explanation.
A webpage is compiling news reports and commentaries about this lawsuit, some of which include links to legal documents. See
http://tinyurl.com/7nsoou8
“Pacific Gibraltar” — important new book on Hawaiian history
Apr 4
Posted by Ken Conklin in Commentary, Reference, Reviews, Uncategorized | No Comments
In 2011 a major book was published by a highly respected historian who analyzed the Hawaiian revolution and annexation.
William M. Morgan Ph.D., PACIFIC GIBRALTAR: U.S. – JAPANESE RIVALRY OVER THE ANNEXATION OF HAWAII, 1885-1898 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2011). It is available at “Bookends” in Kailua, and amazon.com. Sixteen copies are scattered around various branches of the Hawaii Public Library. A detailed book review, with many lengthy quotes from each chapter, is at
http://tinyurl.com/8y2s6o5
Most Hawaii readers will be surprised by details about Grover Cleveland’s attempt to overthrow President Dole and restore the Hawaiian monarchy through a combination of diplomatic and military intimidation in mid to late 1893; and by the fact that Congress considered it perfectly proper to use joint resolution in 1898 as the method of ratifying Hawaii’s five-year-long eager request for annexation.
Perhaps the biggest surprise in the book is the seriousness of Japan’s diplomatic maneuvering — and deployment of multiple warships in Honolulu as a show of force — to block annexation and to demand voting rights for Japanese living in Hawaii. The U.S., Hawaii, and Britain were worried Japan could gain political control of Hawaii through demographic conquest, and/or an imminent Japanese military occupation of Hawaii. The U.S. and Britain counteracted Japan’s multiple warships by their own deployments of warships in Honolulu harbor.
The author, William Michael Morgan (no relation to Senator James T. Morgan of the 1894 Morgan Report), has a Ph.D. in History from Claremont Graduate University. According to information about his book at amazon.com, Dr. Morgan was a Foreign Service officer in the Department of State for more than 30 years, and lived in Japan for 13 years, first as a Marine lieutenant in 1971-72 and then three assignments in the Foreign Service. His State Department domestic jobs included Director of the Japan-Korea desk of the old U.S. Information Agency, Acting Director of the International Visitor Leadership Program, and Director of Analysis for East Asia and the Pacific in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research. During 2007-09, he taught U.S.-Japan relations and National Security and Public Diplomacy at Georgetown’s School of Foreign Service while on “detail” from the State Department.
Tags: annexation, Grover Cleveland, Hawaiian revolution, Japanese immigration, Keanu Sai, Liliuokalani, overthrow